Centrifugal churn.



No. 7o9,|s7. Patented sept. I6', |902.

w. B., CHALFANT. CENTRIFUGAL CHUHN.

- (Application filed may 6, 1902.) (un Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 2.

Ill ll`ll ll llllllllll llllll Il llllllllJ UNITED Simfree PATENTvOrricn.

WALTER GHALFANT, OF BRAZNELL, PENNSYLVANIA.

QENTRIFUGAL CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 709,137', datedSeptember 16, 1902. Appnmion ined May 6,1902. strain?. 106,187.(Nomade.)

Beit known that I, WALTER B. CHALFANT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Braznell, in the county of Fayette and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Centrifugal Churn, of whichthe following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in churns.

The object of the present invention is to improve the construction ot'churns and to provide a simple, inexpensive, and eiiicient onehavingapair of rotary dashers and adapted to be readily arranged forreversely rotatingthe dasliers for agitating the milk orcream to enablebutter to `be rapidly produced and capable also of being readilyarranged for ro-` tation in the same direction forgatbering the butter.

A further object of the invention is to enable the dashers to be readilyremoved after the operation of churning has been .completed, to permitthe churn to be easily cleaned, and to provide a churn-body which willeffectually prevent the milk or cream from splashing out during theoperation of churning and which at the same time will permit the escapeof gases and enable water to be supplied Without interfering With theoperation of the churn.

The invention consists in the 4construction and novel combination andarrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in theaccompanying drawings,.and pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation 4 of a churn constructedin accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional Viewof the same. Fig. 3 is a similar view taken at right angles to Fig. 2,the parts being arranged for reversely rotating the dash-` ers. thechurn', the parts being arranged for rotatingthe dashers in the samedirection.` Fig. 5 is a detail View of the inner pinion.

Like numerals of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures of the drawings.

1 designates a churn-body rectangular in cross-section, supported byIsuitable legs 2 and provided With a cover 3, reinforced at the lowerface by cleats 4 and provided with an 'of the churn-body.

Fig. 4 is a similar view of one side ofl exterior cleat 5, adapted toserve as a handle for removing the cover from the churn-body. The bodyof the churn is vprovided with an upwardly-extending ilange 6, extendingentirely around it and preferably formed by strips or pieces secured tothe exterior of the sides of the churn-body, as shown.. These stripsextend above the cover and eectually prevent the milk or cream fromsplashing ont The cover is provided at opposite sides of the center withperforations 7 for the escape of gases, and `an outwardlyflared opening8 is formed in the cover and the cleat 5 to enable Water to be readilyapplied to the churn during the operation of churning. The cover is alsoprovided with a knob or `handle 9, located at one side of the body andadapted to permit the cover to be readily raised by the operator toafford a View of the interior of the churn without entirely removing thecover.

Within the churn-body are arranged inner and onterdashers 10 and 1l,adapted to be rotated in opposite directions to thoroughly and rapidlyagitato the contents of the churnbody to eect a rapid .production ofbutter and capable also of being rotated in the same direction to gatherthe butter. The inner dasher is composed of four blades 12, supported bycentrally-arranged diametricallydisposed arms 13, extending from ahorizontal shaft 14, as clearly shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. Theouter dasher k11, Which receives the inner dasher, is composedlof blades15, supported by bars or arms 16, centrally connected and arranged asshown in Fig. 2. The blades 12 and 15 are provided at intervals Withopenings, and when the dashers are rotated in opposite directions thecontents of the churn-body are thoroughly agitated. The inner dasher isprovided at one end of "the horizontal shaft 14: With a j onrnal 17,having a conical outer end and arranged in a Vconical bearing-recess 18of a bearing-plate .19, and the latter is provided With an out-erbearing-recess 2O for the reception of atapered or conicalinner end ofascrew 21, which forms an adj nstable journal or lbearing and whichenables the Wear of the parts to be readily .taken up. The screw, whichis also adapted to permit the dashers to be readily detached, is mountedin a threaded opening IOO of the plate or bracket 22 and is provided atits outer end with a crank-handle 23 or other suitable means forrotating it, and it is secured against accidental movement by a jamnut24, arranged on the outer portion of the screw and engaging the outerface of the plate 22, as clearly shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. Theother end of the shaft 14 is provided with a journal 25, having a socket26 and arranged in a bearing-opening 27 of a bearing-plate 28, mountedon the adjacent side of the outer dasher and provided with an exteriorsocket 29 for an outer tubular shaft 30. The outer tubular shaft 30,which is rprovided with a round bore or opening for the reception of aninner shaft 31, has a polygonal inner end 32 to fit the socket 29,whereby the outer dasher is rigidly connected with the outer tubularshaft. The inner shaft 31 is provided at its inner end with a polygonalportion 33, which is reduced to fit the socket 26 and which is adaptedto slide inward and outward for a purpose hereinafter described. Theouter tubular shaft 30 is arranged in a sectional bearing 34 and isprovided at the inner end of a tubular portion 35 thereof with a flange36, interposed between the tubular portion 35 and the bearing-plate 28,the outer tubular shaft and the bearing 34 being assembled before theparts are applied -to the side of the churn-body. The outer tubularshaft is fixed to an inner pinion 37, which meshes with an innergear-wheel 38, and the inner shaft 3l is fixed to an outer pinion 39,which meshes with an outer internal gear 40. The outer internal gear isconnected with the inner gear-wheel 3S by a sleeve 4l, arranged on astub-shaft 42 of the bearing-plate 34 and retained thereon by means of asuitable fastening device at the outer end of the stubshaft. Thestub-shaft is designed to be provided at intervals with grooves formingraces for antifrictionballs 43, which enable the gear-wheels to rotatefrictionlessly. The internal gear-wheel 40 and the gear-wheel 38 arerotated in the same direction by means of a crank-handle 44, and thegear-wheel 3S meshes with the inner pinion and rotates the outer dasherin one direction, while the internal gear-wheel meshes with the outerpinion and rotates the inner dasher in the opposite direction. The innershaft is slidably mounted in the outer tubular shaft to carry the outerpinion into and out of mesh with the internal gear-wheel and to carrythe outer portion of the inner shaft into and out of engagement with theinner pinion 37, which is provided with a socket or recess 45 for thereception of a polygonal outer portion 48 of theinner shaft. When thepolygonal portion 48 is in engagement with the inner pinion, the outerpinion is out of mesh with the internal gear-wheel and the inner andouter shafts are interlocked, whereby both dashers will be operated inthe same direction by the pinion 3 7 and the gear-wheel 3S. The crankihandle 44 extends beyond the periphery of the internal gear-wheel and isadapted to increase the weight of one side of the same sufficiently tocause it to normally hang at the bottom, as shown in Fig. l, to arrangean enlarged opening 49 at the bottom opposite the outer pinion'. Theopening 49 is formed by two of the arms or spokes of the internalgearwheel and isof a size to permit the outer pinion to pass readilythrough it, whereby the outer pinion and the inner shaft may be readilyassembled and removed without detachiug the internal gear-wheel. Theouter portion of the inner shaft is provided with a pair of annulargrooves 5U and 5l, adapted to be engaged by a set-screw 52 to retain theinner shaft in either of its positions. The set-screw 52 is mounted in asuitable support 53, consisting of a bearing bracket mounted on thebearing plate or bracket 34. The support 53 may be provided With a ringencircling the outer portion of the inner shaft and connected with thebearing plate or bracket 34 by arms, as clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4.By loosening the set-screw the inner shaft and the pinion 39 may bereadily moved inward and outward for arranging the parts to rotate thedashers in the same direction or in opposite directions.

The churn-body is provided with a suitable opening 55 to enable theliquid contents to be readily drawn off, and the churn-body is providedat its bottom at opposite sides with strips or bars 56, triangular incross-section and adapted to till the adjacent angles or corners, asclearly shown in Fig. 2.

The inner and outer dashers are detachably connected with the inner andouter shafts, and they are retained in such engagement by the screw,which may be readily adjusted to permit the dashers to be removed fromand replaced in the churn-body.

What I claim isl. Achurn comprisinginnerand outerdashers, inner andouter shafts connected with the dashers, the inner shaft being slidableand provided with means for engaging the outer shaft, whereby it isinterlocked with the latter whenitis moved inward, and gearing connectedwith the shafts for reversely rotating the dashers, said gearinghavingagear-wheel carried by the inner shaft, and adapted to be thrownout of mesh by the inward movement of the same to permit the dashers tobe rotated in the same direction when the inner and outer shafts areinterlocked, substantially as described.

2. A churn comprising a pair of dashers, shafts connected with thedashers, one of the shafts being slidable in the other and provided withmeans for interlocking it with the same, and gearing connected with theshafts for rotating the same in opposite directions, said gearinguhavingan element carried by the slidable shaft and arranged to be thrown outof mesh by the same, whereby both dash- IIO ers will be rotated in thesame direction when the shafts are interlocked, substantially asdescribed.

3. A churn comprising inner and outer dashers having sockets, the innerdasher being journaled on the outer dasher, anouter tubular shaftengaging the socket of the outer dasher, an inner shaft rotating Withinthe outer shaft and provided at its inner end with means for engagingthe socket of the inner dasher, said inner shaft being provided at itsouter end with `means for interlocking it with the outer shaft and beingslidable to carry it into and out of such engagement, inner and outerpinions mounted on the said shafts, a gear-Wheel meshing With the innerpinion, and an internal gear-Wheel connected with the said gear-Wheeland meshing with the outer pinion, the latter being movable with theinner shaft and adapted to be carried out of mesh by theinward movementof the same, substantially as described.

4. A churn comprising inner and outer dashers having sockets, an outertubular shaft provided at its inner end with meansfor engaging thesocket of the outer dasher, an inner pinion mounted on the outer shaftand having a recess or socket, an inner slidable shaft provided at itsinner end with a reduced portion engaging the socket of the innerdasher, said inner shaft being also provided at its outer end with aportion for engaging the recess or socket of the inner pinion, an innergear-wheel meshing with the inner pinion, an outer internal gear-Wheelconnected with the inner gear-Wheel, and an outer pinion carried by theinner shaft and meshing with the internal gear-Wheel and adapted to becarried out of engagement with the same by the inward movement of thesaid inner shaft, substantially as described.

5. Achurn comprisinginnerandouterdashers, inner and outer shaftsinterlocked With the dashers, an inner pinion mounted on the outershaft` means carried by the inner shaft for engaging the inner pinion tointerlock the inner shaft with the outer shaft, an outer pinion carriedby the inner shaft, an inner gear- Wheel meshing with the inner pinion,an outer Vinternal gear-Wheel connected with the said gear-Wheel andmeshing with the outer pinion, a support receiving the outer portion ofthe inner shaft, and means carried by the support for engaging the innershaft to secure the same in either of its positions, substantially asdescribed.

6. A churn comprising inner and outer dashers, inner and outer shaftssecured to the dash-` ers, the inner shaft being extended beyond theouter shaft and provided with grooves, an inner pinion mounted on theouter shaft, means carried by the inner shaft for interlocking it withthe outer shaft, gearing connecting the shafts and having an elementcarried by the inner shaft, anda fastening device mounted on a suitablesupport and arranged to engage the grooves to retain the inner shaft ineither position, substantially as described.

7. A churn comprising an outer dasher provided at one side with abearing-plate having inner and outer bearing-recesses, said outer dasherbeing also provided at its other side with a socket having a bearing, aninner dasher having a journal arranged in the inner recess of thebearing-plate, said inner dasher being also provided With a socketjournaled in the bearing of the socket of the outer dasher,an adjusting-screw engaging the outer recess of the bearing-plate andsupporting the dashers at one side of the churn, inner and outer shaftslocated at the outside of the churn and detachably interlocked With they sockets of the dashers, and gearing connected with the inner and outershafts and adapted to rotate the dashers either in the same direction orin opposite directions, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

WALTER B. CHALFANT.

Witnesses:

T. D. HANN, E. T. BRASHEAR.

